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This page was last updated on 14 May 2009


Map of Andorra




Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order

   Introduction    Andorra Top of Page
Background:
Definition Field Listing
For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
   Geography    Andorra Top of Page
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Geographic coordinates:
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42 30 N, 1 30 E
Map references:
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Europe
Area:
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total: 468 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
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2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
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total: 120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked)
Climate:
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temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Terrain:
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rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m
highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Natural resources:
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hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Land use:
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arable land: 2.13%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.87% (2005)
Irrigated land:
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NA
Natural hazards:
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avalanches
Environment - current issues:
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deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
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landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
   People    Andorra Top of Page
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
83,888 (July 2009 est.)
Age structure:
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0-14 years: 15.5% (male 6,710/female 6,305)
15-64 years: 72.2% (male 31,604/female 28,925)
65 years and over: 12.3% (male 5,113/female 5,231) (2009 est.)
Median age:
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total: 39.4 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 39.1 years (2009 est.)
Population growth rate:
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1.135% (2009 est.)
Birth rate:
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10.35 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Death rate:
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5.59 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Net migration rate:
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6.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Urbanization:
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urban population: 89% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female
total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 3.76 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.78 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 82.51 years
male: 80.33 years
female: 84.84 years (2009 est.)
Total fertility rate:
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1.33 children born/woman (2009 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA
Nationality:
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noun: Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran
Ethnic groups:
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Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Religions:
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Roman Catholic (predominant)
Languages:
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Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Literacy:
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definition: NA
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100%
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
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total: 11 years
male: 11 years
female: 11 years (2006)
Education expenditures:
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2.3% of GDP (2006)
   Government    Andorra Top of Page
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra
Government type:
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parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces' representatives
Capital:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
name: Andorra la Vella
geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Independence:
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1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel)
National holiday:
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Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Constitution:
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Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; effective 28 April 1993
Legal system:
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based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
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chief of state: French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002) and Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003); represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since 30 July 2003)
head of government: Executive Council President Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005)
cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president
elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held in April-May 2009)
election results: Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA
Legislative branch:
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unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes; to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 26 April 2009 (next to be held in March-April 2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - PS 45.03%, Reformist Coaliton 32.34%, Andorra for Change 18.86%, other 3.77%; seats by party - PS 14, Reformist Coalition 11, Andorra for Change 3
Judicial branch:
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Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Andorra for Change [Juan Eusebio NOMEN CALVET]; New Center [Vicenc MATEU] (formerly Andorran Democratic Center Party); Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Joan Gabriel i ESTANY] (formerly Liberal Union or UL); Reformist Coalition (includes the Liberal Party and New Center) [ Joan Gabriel i ESTANY]; Social Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY] (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND)
Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA
International organization participation:
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CE, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Carles FONT-ROSSELL
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Diplomatic representation from the US:
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the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
Flag description:
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three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield
note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
   Economy    Andorra Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11.6 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$3.66 billion (2007)
$3.588 billion (2006)
$2.77 billion (2005)
GDP (official exchange rate):
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$NA
GDP - real growth rate:
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2% (2007 est.)
3.5% (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$42,500 (2007)
$38,800 (2005)
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Labor force:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
42,230 (2007)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
agriculture: 0.3%
industry: 20.8%
services: 79% (2007)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0% (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Budget:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
revenues: $496.9 million
expenditures: $496.8 million (2007)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
3.9% (2007)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Industries:
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tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture
Industrial production growth rate:
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NA%
Electricity - production:
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NA kWh
Electricity - consumption:
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NA kWh
Electricity - exports:
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NA kWh
Electricity - imports:
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NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Exports:
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$117.1 million f.o.b. (2007)
Exports - commodities:
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tobacco products, furniture
Imports:
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$1.789 billion (2007)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
consumer goods, food, electricity
Debt - external:
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$NA
Exchange rates:
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euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.6827 (2008 est.), 0.7306 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004)
   Communications    Andorra Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
37,200 (2007)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
68,500 (2007)
Telephone system:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
general assessment: NA
domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges
international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
AM 0, FM 1, shortwave 0 (easy access to radio and television broadcasts originating in France and Spain) (2007)
Television broadcast stations:
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1 (2007)
Internet country code:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
.ad
Internet hosts:
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23,368 (2008)
Internet users:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
58,900 (2007)
   Transportation    Andorra Top of Page
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 270 km (1994)
   Military    Andorra Top of Page
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra (2008)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
males age 16-49: 18,685 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
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males age 16-49: 18,617
females age 16-49: 17,613 (2009 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
male: 402
female: 373 (2009 est.)
Military - note:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
   Transnational Issues    Andorra Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
none

This page was last updated on 14 May 2009


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