Appendix A: Abbreviations
| ABEDA | Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa | |
| ACC | Arab Cooperation Council | |
| ACCT | Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation; changed name in 1996 to Agence de la francophonie or Agency for the French-Speaking Community | |
| ACP Group | African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States | |
| AfDB | African Development Bank | |
| AFESD | Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development | |
| AG | Andean Group; see Andean Community of Nations (CAN) | |
| Air Pollution | Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution | |
| Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes | |
| Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants | |
| Air Pollution-Sulphur 85 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30% | |
| Air Pollution-Sulphur 94 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions | |
| Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes | |
| AL | Arab League | |
| ALADI | Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) | |
| AMF | Arab Monetary Fund | |
| AMU | Arab Maghreb Union | |
| Ancom | Andean Common Market; see Andean Community of Nations (CAN) | |
| Antarctic-Environmental Protocol | Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty | |
| ANZUS | Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty | |
| APEC | Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation | |
| Arabsat | Arab Satellite Communications Organization | |
| AsDB | Asian Development Bank | |
| ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations | |
| Autodin | Automatic Digital Network | |
| BAD | Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB) | |
| BADEA | Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA) |
|
| BCIE | Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE) |
|
| BDEAC | Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC) |
|
| Benelux | Benelux Economic Union | |
| BID | Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) |
|
| Biodiversity | Convention on Biological Diversity | |
| BIS | Bank for International Settlements | |
| BOAD | Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB) | |
| BSEC | Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone | |
| C | Commonwealth | |
| CACM | Central American Common Market | |
| CAEU | Council of Arab Economic Unity | |
| CAN | Andean Community of Nations | |
| Caricom | Caribbean Community and Common Market | |
| CB | citizen's band mobile radio communications | |
| CBSS | Council of the Baltic Sea States | |
| CCC | Customs Cooperation Council | |
| CDB | Caribbean Development Bank | |
| CE | Council of Europe | |
| CEAO | Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO) | |
| CEEAC | Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC) |
|
| CEI | Central European Initiative | |
| CEMA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon | |
| CEPGL | Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL) |
|
| CERN | Conseil Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) |
|
| CG | Contadora Group | |
| c.i.f. | cost, insurance, and freight | |
| CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States | |
| CITES | see Endangered Species | |
| Climate Change | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change | |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change | |
| CMEA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon | |
| COCOM | Coordinating Committee on Export Controls | |
| Comecon | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA | |
| Comsat | Communications Satellite Corporation | |
| CP | Colombo Plan | |
| CSCE | Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization
for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) |
|
| CY | calendar year | |
| DC | developed country | |
| Desertification | United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa | |
| DSN | Defense Switched Network | |
| DWT | deadweight ton | |
| EADB | East African Development Bank | |
| EAPC | Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council | |
| EBRD | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development | |
| EC | European Community; see European Union (EU) | |
| ECA | Economic Commission for Africa | |
| ECAFE | Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) | |
| ECE | Economic Commission for Europe | |
| ECLA | Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) | |
| ECLAC | Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean | |
| ECO | Economic Cooperation Organization | |
| ECOSOC | Economic and Social Council | |
| ECOWAS | Economic Community of West African States | |
| ECS | European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU) | |
| ECWA | Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) |
|
| EEC | European Economic Community; see European Union (EU) | |
| EFTA | European Free Trade Association | |
| EIB | European Investment Bank | |
| EMU | European Monetary Union | |
| Endangered Species | Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) | |
| Entente | Council of the Entente | |
| Environmental Modification | Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques | |
| ESA | European Space Agency | |
| ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific | |
| ESCWA | Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia | |
| est. | estimate | |
| EU | European Union | |
| Euratom | European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC) | |
| Eutelsat | European Telecommunications Satellite Organization | |
| Ex-Im | Export-Import Bank of the United States | |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization | |
| FAX | facsimile | |
| f.o.b. | free on board | |
| FLS | Front Line States | |
| FRG | Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 |
|
| FSU | former Soviet Union | |
| FY | fiscal year | |
| FYROM | The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | |
| FZ | Franc Zone | |
| G-2 | Group of 2 | |
| G-3 | Group of 3 | |
| G-5 | Group of 5 | |
| G-6 | Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six) | |
| G-7 | Group of 7 | |
| G-8 | Group of 8 | |
| G-9 | Group of 9 | |
| G-10 | Group of 10 | |
| G-11 | Group of 11 | |
| G-15 | Group of 15 | |
| G-19 | Group of 19 | |
| G-24 | Group of 24 | |
| G-30 | Group of 30 | |
| G-33 | Group of 33 | |
| G-77 | Group of 77 | |
| GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995 |
|
| GCC | Gulf Cooperation Council | |
| GDP | gross domestic product | |
| GDR | German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 |
|
| GNP | gross national product | |
| GRT | gross register ton | |
| GWP | gross world product | |
| Hazardous Wastes | Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal | |
| HF | high-frequency | |
| IADB | Inter-American Development Bank | |
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency | |
| IBEC | International Bank for Economic Cooperation | |
| IBRD | International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) | |
| ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization | |
| ICC | International Chamber of Commerce | |
| ICEM | Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) |
|
| ICFTU | International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL) | |
| ICJ | International Court of Justice (World Court) | |
| ICM | Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) | |
| ICRC | International Committee of the Red Cross | |
| ICRM | International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement | |
| IDA | International Development Association | |
| IDB | Islamic Development Bank | |
| IEA | International Energy Agency | |
| IFAD | International Fund for Agricultural Development | |
| IFC | International Finance Corporation | |
| IFCTU | International Federation of Christian Trade Unions | |
| IFRCS | International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies | |
| IGAD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Development | |
| IGADD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development | |
| IHO | International Hydrographic Organization | |
| IIB | International Investment Bank | |
| ILO | International Labor Organization | |
| IMCO | Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO) | |
| IMF | International Monetary Fund | |
| IMO | International Maritime Organization | |
| Inmarsat | International Mobile Satellite Organization | |
| InOC | Indian Ocean Commission | |
| Intelsat | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | |
| Interpol | International Criminal Police Organization | |
| Intersputnik | International Organization of Space Communications | |
| IOC | International Olympic Committee | |
| IOM | International Organization for Migration | |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization | |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union | |
| kHz | kilohertz | |
| km | kilometer | |
| kW | kilowatt | |
| kWh | kilowatt hour | |
| LAES | Latin American Economic System | |
| LAIA | Latin American Integration Association | |
| LAS | League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL) | |
| Law of the Sea | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS) | |
| LDC | less developed country | |
| LLDC | least developed country | |
| London Convention | see Marine Dumping | |
| LORCS | League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) |
|
| LOS | see Law of the Sea | |
| m | meter | |
| Marecs | Maritime European Communications Satellite | |
| Marine Dumping | Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping
Wastes and Other Matter |
|
| Marine Life Conservation | Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources
of the High Seas |
|
| MARPOL | see Ship Pollution | |
| Medarabtel | Middle East Telecommunications Project of the International Telecommunications Union | |
| Mercosur | Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market | |
| MHz | megahertz | |
| MINURSO | United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara | |
| MINUGUA | United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala | |
| MIPONUH | United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti | |
| MONUA | United Nations Observer Mission in Angola | |
| MONUC | United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
| NA | not available | |
| NACC | North Atlantic Cooperation Council; see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) | |
| NAM | Nonaligned Movement | |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization | |
| NC | Nordic Council | |
| NEA | Nuclear Energy Agency | |
| NEGL | negligible | |
| NIB | Nordic Investment Bank | |
| NIC | newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE) | |
| NIE | newly industrializing economy | |
| nm | nautical mile | |
| NMT | Nordic Mobile Telephone | |
| NSG | Nuclear Suppliers Group | |
| Nuclear Test Ban | Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water | |
| NZ | New Zealand | |
| OAPEC | Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries | |
| OAS | Organization of American States | |
| OAU | Organization of African Unity | |
| ODA | official development assistance | |
| OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | |
| OECS | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States | |
| OIC | Organization of the Islamic Conference | |
| ONUSAL | United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador | |
| OOF | other official flows | |
| OPANAL | Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la
America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean |
|
| OPCW | Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons | |
| OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries | |
| OSCE | Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe | |
| Ozone Layer Protection | Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer | |
| PCA | Permanent Court of Arbitration | |
| PDRY | People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South
Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91 |
|
| PFP | Partnership for Peace | |
| Ramsar | see Wetlands | |
| RG | Rio Group | |
| SAARC | South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation | |
| SACU | Southern African Customs Union | |
| SADC | Southern African Development Community | |
| SADCC | Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC) |
|
| SELA | Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES) | |
| SFRY | Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991 | |
| SHF | super-high-frequency | |
| Ship Pollution | Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL) | |
| Sparteca | South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement | |
| SPC | South Pacific Commission | |
| SPF | South Pacific Forum | |
| sq km | square kilometer | |
| sq mi | square mile | |
| TAT | Trans-Atlantic Telephone | |
| Tropical Timber 83 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983 | |
| Tropical Timber 94 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 | |
| UAE | United Arab Emirates | |
| UDEAC | Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC) |
|
| UEMOA | Union Economique et Monetaire Ouest Africaine; see West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) |
|
| UHF | ultra-high-frequency | |
| UK | United Kingdom | |
| UN | United Nations | |
| UNAMIR | United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda | |
| UNAMSIL | United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone | |
| UNAVEM III | United Nations Angola Verification Mission III | |
| UNCRO | United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia | |
| UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development | |
| UNDOF | United Nations Disengagement Observer Force | |
| UNDP | United Nations Development Program | |
| UNEP | United Nations Environment Program | |
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization | |
| UNFICYP | United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus | |
| UNFPA | United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA) | |
| UNHCR | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | |
| UNICEF | United Nations Children's Fund | |
| UNIDO | United Nations Industrial Development Organization | |
| UNIFIL | United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon | |
| UNIKOM | United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission | |
| UNITAR | United Nations Institute for Training and Research | |
| UNMIH | United Nations Mission in Haiti | |
| UNMIBH | United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| UNMIK | United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo | |
| UNMOGIP | United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan | |
| UNMOP | United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka | |
| UNMOT | United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan | |
| UNMOVIC | United Nations Monitoring and Verification Commission | |
| UNOMIG | United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia | |
| UNOMIL | United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia | |
| UNOMOZ | United Nations Operation in Mozambique | |
| UNOMSIL | United Nations Mission of Observers in Sierra Leone | |
| UNOMUR | United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda | |
| UNOSOM II | United Nations Operation in Somalia II | |
| UNPREDEP | United Nations Preventive Deployment Force | |
| UNPROFOR | United Nations Protection Force | |
| UNRISD | United Nations Research Institute for Social Development | |
| UNRWA | United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East | |
| UNSCOM | United Nations Special Commission for the Elimination of Iraq's
Weapons of Mass Destruction; see United Nations Monitoring and Verification Commission (UNMOVIC) |
|
| UNSMIH | United Nations Support Mission in Haiti | |
| UNTAC | United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia | |
| UNTAES | United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, and Western Sirmium | |
| UNTAET | United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor | |
| UNTSO | United Nations Truce Supervision Organization | |
| UNU | United Nations University | |
| UPU | Universal Postal Union | |
| US | United States | |
| USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991 |
|
| USSR/EE | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe | |
| VHF | very-high-frequency | |
| VSAT | very small aperture terminal | |
| WADB | West African Development Bank | |
| WAEMU | West African Economic and Monetary Union | |
| WCL | World Confederation of Labor | |
| WCO | World Customs Organization; see Customs Cooperation Council | |
| Wetlands | Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat | |
| WEU | Western European Union | |
| WFC | World Food Council | |
| WFP | World Food Program | |
| WFTU | World Federation of Trade Unions | |
| Whaling | International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling | |
| WHO | World Health Organization | |
| WIPO | World Intellectual Property Organization | |
| WMO | World Meteorological Organization | |
| WP | Warsaw Pact | |
| WTO | see WToO for World Tourism Organization or WTrO for World Trade Organization | |
| WToO | World Tourism Organization | |
| WTrO | World Trade Organization | |
| YAR |
Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; |
|
| ZC | Zangger Committee |