Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
advanced developing countries
another term for those less developed countries (LDCs) with particularly rapid
industrial development; see newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
advanced economies
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the top group
in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and developing
countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following 28 advanced
economies: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan,
UK, US; note - this group would presumably also cover the following seven
smaller countries of Andorra, Bermuda, Faroe Islands, Holy See, Liechtenstein,
Monaco, and San Marino which are included in the more comprehensive group of
"developed countries"
African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States (ACP Group)
address - Avenue Georges Henri 451, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 743 06 00
FAX - [32] (2) 735 55 73
established - 6 June 1975
aim - to manage their preferential economic and aid relationship
with the EU
members - (71) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Papua
New Guinea, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania,
Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe
African Development Bank (AfDB)
note - also known as Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
address - 01 BP 1387, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire
telephone - [225] 20 44 44
FAX - [225] 21 77 53
established - 4 August 1963
aim - to promote economic and social development
regional members - (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina
Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti,
Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and
Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
nonregional members - (25) Argentina, Austria, Belgium,
Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan,
South Korea, Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, UAE, UK, US
Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique (ACCT)
see Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT)
Agence de la francophonie (ACCT)
see Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT)
Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)
see Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT); acronym from Agence
de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique
Agency for the French-Speaking Community (ACCT)
note - formerly Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
address - 13 Quai Andre-Citroen, F-75015 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 44 37 33 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 79 14 98
established - 20 March 1970
name changed - 1996
aim - to promote cultural and technical cooperation among French-speaking
countries
members - (41) Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti,
Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Sao Tome
and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam
associate members - (5) Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco,
Saint Lucia
participating governments - (2) New Brunswick (Canada), Quebec
(Canada)
Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the
Caribbean (OPANAL)
note - acronym from Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas
Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)
address - Temistocles 78, Col Polanco, CP 011560, Mexico City 5
DF, Mexico
telephone - [52] (5) 280 4923, 280 5064, 280 2715
FAX - [52] (5) 280 2965
established - 14 February 1967 under the Treaty of Tlatelolco
effective - 25 April 1969 on the 11th ratification of the treaty
aim - to encourage the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit
nuclear weapons
members - (32) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica,
Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
Andean Community of Nations (CAN)
note - formerly known as the Andean Group (AG), the Andean Parliament,
and most recently as the Andean Common Market (Ancom)
address - c/o General Secretariat of the Andean Community, Paseo
de la Republica 3895, Casilla 18-1177, Lima 18, Peru
telephone - [51] (1) 221 2222
FAX - [51] (1) 221 3329
established - 26 May 1969; present name established 1 October 1992
effective - 16 October 1969
aim - to promote harmonious development through economic integration
members - (5) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
associate member - (1) Panama
Andean Group (AG)
see Andean Community of Nations (CAN)
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
note - also known as Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en
Afrique (BADEA)
address - Abdel Rahman El Mahdi Avenue, P. O. Box 2640, Khartoum,
Sudan
telephone - [249] (11) 770498, 773646, 773709
FAX - [249] (11) 770600
established - 18 February 1974
effective - 16 September 1974
aim - to promote economic development
members - (17 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria,
Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Palestine Liberation Organization;
note - these are all the members of the Arab League excluding Comoros,
Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen
Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)
established - 16 February 1989
aim - to promote economic cooperation and integration, possibly
leading to an Arab Common Market
members - (4) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
address - P. O. Box 21923, Safat 13080, Kuwait
telephone - [965] 4844500
FAX - [965] 4815750, 4815760, 4815770
established - 16 May 1968
aim - to promote economic and social development
members - (21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria,
Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt (suspended from 1979 to 1988), Iraq (suspended
1993), Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia, Somalia (suspended 1993), Sudan (suspended 1993), Syria, Tunisia, UAE,
Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Arab League (AL)
note - also known as League of Arab States (LAS)
address - Midan Attahrir, Tahrir Square, P. O. Box 11642, Cairo, Egypt
telephone - [20] (2) 750 511
FAX - [20] (2) 740 331
established - 22 March 1945
aim - to promote economic, social, political, and military cooperation
members - (21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria,
Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania,
Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
address - 27 Avenue Okba Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
telephone - [212] (7) 77 26 82, 77 26 76, 77 26 68
FAX - [212] (7) 77 26 93
established - 17 February 1989
aim - to promote cooperation and integration among the Arab states
of northern Africa
members - (5) Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia
Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)
address - P. O. Box 2818, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
telephone - [971] (2) 215000, 328500
FAX - [971] (2) 326454
established - 27 April 1976
effective - 2 February 1977
aim - to promote Arab cooperation, development, and integration
in monetary and economic affairs
members - (20 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria,
Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania,
Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
address - APEC Secretariat, 438 Alexandra Road, 14-00 Alexandra
Point, 14th Floor 01/04, Singapore 119958, Singapore
telephone - [65] 276 1880
FAX - [65] 276 1775
established - 7 November 1989
aim - to promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin
members - (21) Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong,
Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, NZ, Papua New Guinea, Peru,
Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, US, Vietnam
observers - (3) Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pacific
Economic Cooperation Conference, South Pacific Forum
Asian Development Bank (AsDB)
address - 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, 0401 METRO Manila, Philippines
telephone - [63] (2) 711 3851
FAX - [63] (2) 741 7961, 631 6816
established - 19 December 1966
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation
regional members - (41) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives,
Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, NZ,
Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands,
Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Vietnam
nonregional members - (16) Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
UK, US
Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)
see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
note - the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) consists of the 9 ASEAN members,
2 observers, 2 consultative partners, and 8 dialogue partners: Australia, Canada,
EU, India, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, US
address - 70 A Jalan Sisingamangaraja, Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
telephone - [62] (21) 7262991, 7243372
FAX - [62] (21) 7398234, 7243504
established - 8 August 1967
aim - to encourage regional economic, social, and cultural cooperation
among the non-Communist countries of Southeast Asia
members - (10) Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam
observer - (1) Papua New Guinea
consultative partners - (2) China, Russia
Australia Group
established - 1984
aim - to consult on and coordinate export controls related to chemical
and biological weapons
members - (28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US; note - may now include
only 23 countries
observer - (1) Singapore
Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
address - c/o Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Bag 8, Queen
Victoria Terrace, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia
telephone - [61] (6) 261 91 11
FAX - [61] (6) 261 21 51
established - 1 September 1951
effective - 29 April 1952
aim - to implement a trilateral mutual security agreement, although
the US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986; Australia and
the US continue to hold annual meetings
members - (3) Australia, NZ, US
Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico (BCIE)
see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
address - Centralbahnplatz 2, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (61) 280 80 80
FAX - [41] (61) 280 91 00, 280 81 00
established - 20 January 1930
effective - 17 March 1930
aim - to promote cooperation among central banks in international
financial settlements
members - (45) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada,
China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea,
Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Mexico, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia,
Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia
(suspended)
Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
see African Development Bank (AfDB)
Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)
see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (BDEAC)
see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)
see West African Development Bank (WADB)
Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)
note - acronym from Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
address - Rue de la Regence 39, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 519 38 11
FAX - [32] (2) 513 42 06
established - 3 February 1958
effective - 1 November 1960
aim - to develop closer economic cooperation and integration
members - (3) Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
Big Seven
note - membership is the same as the Group of 7
established - NA 1975
aim - to discuss and coordinate major economic policies
members - (7) Big Six (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK)
plus the US
Big Six
note - not to be confused with the Group of 6
established - NA 1967
aim - to foster economic cooperation
members - (6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK
Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)
address - Istinye Cad Musir Fuad Pasa Yalisi Eski Tersame, Istinye
80860, Istanbul, Turkey
telephone - [90] (212) 229 6330
FAX - [90] (212) 229 6336
established - 25 June 1992
aim - to enhance regional stability through economic cooperation
members - (11) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia,
Greece, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
observers - (7) Austria, Egypt, Israel, Italy, Poland, Slovakia,
Tunisia
Caribbean Community and Common Market (Caricom)
address - Caricom, P. O. Box 10827, Bank of Guyana Building, 3rd floor,
Avenue of the Republic, Georgetown, Guyana
telephone - [592] (2) 69281 through 69289
FAX - [592] (2) 66091, 67816, 57341
established - 4 July 1973
effective - 1 August 1973
aim - to promote economic integration and development, especially among
the less developed countries
members - (14) Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica,
Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago
associate members - (3) Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos
Islands
observers - (10) Aruba, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Dominican
Republic, Haiti, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Venezuela
Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
address - P. O. Box 408, Wildey, St. Michael, Barbados
telephone - [1] (246) 431 1600
FAX - [1] (246) 426 7269
established - 18 October 1969
effective - 26 January 1970
aim - to promote economic development and cooperation
regional members - (20) Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Dominica,
Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands,
Venezuela
nonregional members - (6) Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy,
UK
Cartagena Group
see Group of 11
Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
note - acronym from Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique
Centrale
address - BP 969, Bangui, Central African Republic
telephone - [236] 61 09 22, 61 45 77
FAX - [236] 61 21 35
established - 8 December 1964
effective - 1 January 1966
aim - to promote the establishment of a Central African Common
Market
members - (6) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic
of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon
Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
note - acronym from Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale
address - BDEAC, Place du Gouvernement, BP 1177, Brazzaville, Republic
of the Congo
telephone - [242] 81 18 85
FAX - [242] 81 18 80
established - 3 December 1975
aim - to provide loans for economic development
members - (9) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic
of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Germany, Kuwait
Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
note - acronym from Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico
address - Apartado Postal 772, Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras
telephone - [504] 228 2243
FAX - [504] 228 2185
established - 13 December 1960 signature of Articles of Agreement;
31 May 1961 began operations
aim - to promote economic integration and development
members - (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
nonregional members - (4) Argentina, Colombia, Mexico,
Taiwan
Central American Common Market (CACM)
address - c/o SIECA, Apartado Postal 1237, 4a Avenida 10-25, Zona
14, Guatemala 01901, Guatemala
telephone - [502] (2) 682151, 682152, 682153, 682154
FAX - [502] (2) 681071
established - 13 December 1960, collapsed in 1969, reinstated in
1991
aim - to promote establishment of a Central American Common Market
members - (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua;
note - Panama, although not a member, pursues full regional cooperation
Central European Initiative (CEI)
note - evolved from the Quadrilateral Initiative and the Hexagonal
Group
address - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, One
Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH, UK
telephone - [44] (171) 338 6152
FAX - [44] (171) 338 7472
established - 11 November 1989 as the Quadrilateral Initiative,
27 July 1991 became the Hexagonal Initiative, NA 1992 present name adopted
aim - to form an economic and political cooperation group for the
region between the Adriatic and the Baltic Seas
members - (16) Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine
centrally planned economies
a term applied mainly to the traditionally communist states that looked
to the former USSR for leadership; most are now evolving toward more democratic
and market-oriented systems; also known formerly as the Second World or as the
communist countries; through the 1980s, this group included Albania, Bulgaria,
Cambodia, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, GDR, Hungary, North Korea, Laos, Mongolia,
Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yugoslavia
Colombo Plan (CP)
address - Colombo Plan Bureau, P. O. Box 596, 12 Melbourne Avenue,
Colombo 4, Sri Lanka
telephone - [94] (1) 581813, 581853, 581754
FAX - [94] (1) 581754
established - NA May 1950 proposal was adopted; 1 July 1951 commenced
full operations
aim - to promote economic and social development in Asia and the
Pacific
members - (24) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma,
Cambodia, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia,
Maldives, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri
Lanka, Thailand, US
Commission for Social Development
note - formerly Social Commission
address - General Assembly and ECOSOC Affairs Division, Department
of General Assembly Affairs and Conference Services, United Nations, Room S-2950,
New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 5935
established - 21 June 1946 as the Social Commission, renamed 29
July 1966
aim - to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with
social development programs of UN
members - (46) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
address - Center for International Crime Prevention, Vienna International
Center, P. O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 21345, extension 4272
FAX - [43] (1) 21345 5898, 21345 5841
established - 6 February 1992
aim - to provide guidance, as part of the Economic and Social Council,
on crime prevention and criminal justice
members - (40) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Human Rights
address - c/o Secretariat, United Nations Office of the High Commissioner
of Human Rights, United Nations Office at Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 90 00, 907 92 60
FAX - [41] (22) 917 90 11
established - 18 February 1946
aim - to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with
human rights programs of UN
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Narcotic Drugs
address - c/o United Nations Drug Control Programme, Treaty Implementation
and Legal Affairs Branch, P. O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 213450
FAX - [43] (1) 21345-5885
established - 16 February 1946
aim - Economic and Social Council organization dealing with illicit
drugs programs of UN
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions with
emphasis on producing and processing countries
Commission on Population and Development
address - Division for Policy and Coordination and ECOSOC Affairs,
Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, United Nations,
Room 2963, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 5935
established - 10 August 1948
aim - to deal with population matters of importance to the UN,
as part of Economic and Social Council
members - (47) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Science and Technology for Development
address - General Assembly and ECOSOC Affairs Division, Department
of General Assembly Affairs and Conference Services, United Nations, New York,
NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 5935
established - 20 July 1992
aim - to promote international cooperation, as part of the Economic
and Social Council, in the field of science and technology
members - (33) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Sustainable Development
address - Division for Sustainable Development, United Nations
Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, Room DC2-2274,
New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 0902
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4260
established - 12 February 1993
aim - to monitor, as part of the Economic and Social Council, implementation
of agreements reached at the UN Conference on Environment and Development
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on the Status of Women
address - Division for the Advancement of Women, Department for
Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, Room DC2-1200, New York, NY 10017,
US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 3177
FAX - [1] (212) 963 3463
established - 21 June 1946
aim - to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with
women's rights goals of UN
members - (45) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commonwealth (C)
note - also known as Commonwealth of Nations
address - c/o Commonwealth Secretariat, Marlborough House, Pall
Mall, London SW1Y 5HX, UK
telephone - [44] (171) 839 3411, 747 6535
FAX - [44] (171) 930 0827, 839 9081
established - 31 December 1931
aim - to foster multinational cooperation and assistance, as a
voluntary association that evolved from the British Empire
members - (53) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, Fiji,
The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, NZ,
Nigeria, Pakistan (suspended), Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe
special members - (1) Tuvalu
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
address - Kirov Street 17, 220000 Minsk, Belarus
telephone - [375] 223434, 223517
FAX - [375] 261944, 272339
established - 8 December 1991
effective - 21 December 1991
aim - to coordinate intercommonwealth relations and to provide
a mechanism for the orderly dissolution of the USSR
members - (12) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Commonwealth of Nations
see Commonwealth (C)
Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)
see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)
see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)
see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
communist countries
traditionally the Marxist-Leninist states with authoritarian governments
and command economies based on the Soviet model; most of the original and the
successor states are no longer communist; see centrally planned economies
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)
see Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
Conseil Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)
see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
Contadora Group (CG)
established 5 January 1983 (on the Panamanian island of Contadora) to reduce
tensions and conflicts in Central America; members included Colombia, Mexico,
Panama, Venezuela; has evolved into the Rio Group (RG)
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
see Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)
established in 1949 to control the export of strategic products and technical
data from member countries to proscribed destinations; members were Australia,
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US; abolished 31 March 1994;
COCOM members are working on a new organization with expanded membership which
focuses on nonproliferation export controls as opposed to East-West control
of advanced technology
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA)
note - also known as CMEA or Comecon
established 25 January 1949 to promote the development of socialist economies
and abolished 1 January 1991; members included Afghanistan (observer), Albania
(had not participated since 1961 break with USSR), Angola (observer), Bulgaria,
Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia (observer), GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia,
Mozambique (observer), Nicaragua (observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam,
Yemen (observer), Yugoslavia (associate)
Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)
address - International Trade Center Building, 12th Floor, 1191
Cornish El Nile, P. O. Box 1, Mohamad Fareed, Cairo, Egypt
telephone - [20] (2) 754252, 755321
FAX - [20] (2) 754090
established - 3 June 1957
effective - 30 May 1964
aim - to promote economic integration among Arab nations
members - (11 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Egypt,
Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
Council of Europe (CE)
address - Palais de l'Europe, F-67075 Strasbourg CEDEX, France
telephone - [33] (3) 88 41 20 00
FAX - [33] (3) 88 41 27 81, 88 41 27 82
established - 5 May 1949
effective - 3 August 1949
aim - to promote increased unity and quality of life in Europe
members - (41) Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, UK
guests - (3) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina
observers - (4) Canada, Israel, Japan, US
Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
address - Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Box 16121, S-10323 Stockholm,
Sweden
telephone - [46] (8) 405 1000
FAX - [46] (8) 723 1176
established - 6 March 1992
aim - to promote cooperation among the Baltic Sea states in the
areas of aid to new democratic institutions, economic development, humanitarian
aid, energy and the environment, cultural programs and education, and transportation
and communication
members - (12) Denmark, Estonia, EU, Finland, Germany, Iceland,
Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden
Council of the Entente (Entente)
address - 01 BP 3734, Angle Avenue Verdier-Rue de Tessieres, Abidjan
01, Cote d'Ivoire
telephone - [225] 33 10 01, 33 28 35, 32 10 74
FAX - [225] 33 11 49
established - 29 May 1959
aim - to promote economic, social, and political coordination
members - (5) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger, Togo
countries in transition
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the middle
group in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and developing
countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following 28 countries
in transition: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia,
Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan; note - this group is identical to
the group traditionally referred to as the "former USSR/Eastern Europe"
except for the addition of Mongolia
Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)
note - also known as World Customs Organization (WCO)
address - Rue du Marche 30, B-1210 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 209 92 11
FAX - [32] (2) 109 92 92
established - 15 December 1950
aim - to promote international cooperation in customs matters
members - (145) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bermuda,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South
Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Macau, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
developed countries (DCs)
the top group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former USSR/Eastern
Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); includes the market-oriented
economies of the mainly democratic nations in the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD), Bermuda, Israel, South Africa, and the European
ministates; also known as the First World, high-income countries, the North,
industrial countries; generally have a per capita GDP in excess of $10,000 although
four OECD countries and South Africa have figures well under $10,000 and two
of the excluded OPEC countries have figures of more than $10,000; the 35 DCs
are: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, Denmark, Faroe Islands,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway,
Portugal, San Marino, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK,
US; note - similar to the new International Monetary Fund (IMF) term
"advanced economies" which adds Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore,
and Taiwan but drops Malta, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey
developing countries
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the bottom
group in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and developing
countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following 126 developing
countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica,
Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South
Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, UAE, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - this category would presumably
also cover the following 46 other countries that are traditionally included
in the more comprehensive group of "less developed countries": American
Samoa, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island,
Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland Islands, French Guiana,
French Polynesia, Gaza Strip, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam,
Guernsey, Jersey, North Korea, Macau, Isle of Man, Martinique, Mayotte, Montserrat,
Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau,
Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Tokelau, Tonga, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands, Wallis and
Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara
East African Development Bank (EADB)
address - 4 Nile Avenue, P. O. Box 7128, Kampala, Uganda
telephone - [256] (41) 230021, 230825
FAX - [256] (41) 259763
established - 6 June 1967
effective - 1 December 1967
aim - to promote economic development
members - (3) Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
address - United Nations Building, Rajadamnern Avenue, Bangkok
10200, Thailand
telephone - [66] (2) 2881234
FAX - [66] (2) 2881000
established - 28 March 1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and the
Far East (ECAFE)
aim - to carry out the commitment of the Economic and Social Council
of the UN to promote economic development
members - (51) Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia,
Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia,
Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam
associate members - (9) American Samoa, Cook Islands,
French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana
Islands
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
address - P. O. Box 11-8575, Riad El-Sohl Square, Beirut, Lebanon
telephone - [961] (10) 981301
FAX - [961] (10) 981510
established - 9 August 1973 as Economic Commission for Western
Asia (ECWA)
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission
for the UN's Economic and Social Council
members - (12 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Bahrain,
Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE,
Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
address - United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to coordinate the economic and social work of the UN; includes
five regional commissions (see Economic Commission for Africa, Economic Commission
for Europe, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Economic
and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Economic and Social Commission
for Western Asia) and 10 functional commissions (see Commission for Social Development,
Commission on Human Rights, Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on the
Status of Women, Commission on Population and Development, Statistical Commission,
Commission on Science and Technology for Development, Commission on Sustainable
Development, and Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice)
members - (54) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
address - P. O. Box 3001-3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone - [251] (1) 51 72 00
FAX - [251] (1) 51 44 16
established - 29 April 1958
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission
of the UN's Economic and Social Council
members - (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (2) France, UK
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)
see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
address - Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 4444
FAX - [41] (22) 917 0505
established - 28 March 1947
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission
of the UN's Economic and Social Council
members - (55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova,
Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia
Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)
see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
address - Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla
179 D, Santiago, Chile
telephone - [56] (2) 2102000
FAX - [56] (2) 2080252, 2081946
established - 25 February 1948 as Economic Commission for Latin
America (ECLA)
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission
of the UN's Economic and Social Council
members - (41) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,
Peru, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
associate members - (7) Anguilla, Aruba, British Virgin
Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)
see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale
address - CEEAC, BP 2112, Libreville, Gabon
telephone - [241] 73 35 47, 73 35 48, 73 36 77
established - 18 October 1983 treaty adopted
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation and establish a
Central African Common Market
members - (11) Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic,
Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea,
Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe
Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands
Lacs
address - IRAZ-CEPGL, BP 91, Gitega, Burundi
established - 20 September 1976
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation and integration
members - (3) Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
address - 6 King George V Road, PMB 12745, Lagos, Nigeria
telephone - [234] (1) 636839, 636841, 636064, 630398
FAX - [234] (1) 636822
established - 28 May 1975
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation
members - (16) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire,
The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
address - No. 1 Goulbou Alley, Kamraniyeh, P. O. Box 14155-6176,
Teheran, Iran Islamic Republic
telephone - [98] (21) 2831731, 2831733
FAX - [98] (21) 2831732
established - 27-29 January 1985
aim - to promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation,
communications, tourism, cultural affairs, and economic development
members - (10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
associate member - (1) "Turkish Republic of Northern
Cyprus"
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
note - began as the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC);
an extension of NATO
address - c/o NATO, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 728 41 11
FAX - [32] (2) 728 45 79
established - 8 November 1991
effective - 20 December 1991
aim - to discuss cooperation on mutual political and security issues
members - (44) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
address - EBRD Headquarters, One Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH,
UK
telephone - [44] (171) 338 6000
FAX - [44] (171) 338 6100
established - 8-9 January 1990 (proposals made); 15 April 1991
(bank inaugurated)
aim - to facilitate the transition of seven centrally planned economies
in Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, former
USSR, and former Yugoslavia) to market economies by committing 60% of its loans
to privatization
members - (60) Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, EU, European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia,
Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Mexico, Moldova,
Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine,
UK, US, Uzbekistan; note - includes all 25 members of the OECD; also
includes the EU as a single entity
European Community (or European Communities, EC)
was established 8 April 1965 to integrate the European Atomic Energy Community
(Euratom), the European Coal and Steel Community (ESC), the European Economic
Community (EEC or Common Market), and to establish a completely integrated common
market and an eventual federation of Europe; merged into the European Union
(EU) on 7 February 1992; member states at the time of merger were Belgium, Denmark,
France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, UK
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
address - 9-11 Rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 749 11 11
FAX - [41] (22) 733 92 91
established - 4 January 1960
effective - 3 May 1960
aim - to promote expansion of free trade
members - (4) Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland
European Investment Bank (EIB)
address - Boulevard Konrad Adenauer 100, L-2950 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
telephone - [352] 4379 3122
FAX - [352] 4379 3188, 4379 3189
established - 25 March 1957
effective - 1 January 1958
aim - to promote economic development of the EU and its predecessors,
the EEC and the EC
members - (15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, UK
European Monetary Union (EMU)
note - an integral part of the European Union; also known as the
European Economic and Monetary Union
address - c/o European Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels,
Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 299 11 11
proposed - 1-2 December 1969 at summit conference of heads of government
signed - 7 February 1992 Maastrict Treaty
aim - to promote a single market by creating a single currency,
the euro; time table - 2 May 1998: European exchange rates fixed for
1 January 1999; 1 January 1999: all banks and stock exchanges begin using euros;
1 January 2002: the euro goes into circulation; 1 July 2002 local currencies
no longer accepted
members - (11) Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain; note - Denmark, Sweden,
and UK decided not to join, and Greece did not meet all the criteria to take
part
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
note - acronym retained from the predecessor organization Conseil Europeenne
pour la Recherche Nucleaire
address - CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 767 4101, 767 2141
FAX - [41] (22) 785 0247
established - 1 July 1953
effective - 29 September 1954
aim - to foster nuclear research for peaceful purposes only
members - (20) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK
observers - (7) EU, Israel, Japan, Russia, Turkey, United Nations
Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), US
European Space Agency (ESA)
address - ESA Headquarters, 8-10 Rue Mario Nikis, F-75738 Paris
CEDEX 15, France
telephone - [33] (1) 53 69 76 54
FAX - [33] (1) 53 69 75 60
established - 31 May 1975
aim - to promote peaceful cooperation in space research and technology
members - (14) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK
cooperating state - (1) Canada
European Union (EU)
note - evolved from the European Community (EC)
address - c/o European Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels,
Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 299 11 11
FAX - [32] (2) 295 01 38 through 295 01 40
established - 7 February 1992
effective - 1 November 1993
aim - to coordinate policy among the 15 members in three fields:
economics, building on the European Economic Community's (EEC) efforts to establish
a common market and eventually a common currency to be called the 'euro', which
will supersede the EU's accounting unit, the ECU; defense, within the concept
of a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP); and justice and home affairs,
including immigration, drugs, terrorism, and improved living and working conditions
members - (15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, UK
membership applicants - (13) Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Turkey
First World
another term for countries with advanced, industrialized economies; this term
is fading from use; see developed countries (DCs)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
address - Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 57051
FAX - [39] (6) 5705 3152
established - 16 October 1945
aim - to raise living standards and increase availability of agricultural
products, as a UN specialized agency
members - (176) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South
Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,
Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
former Soviet Union (FSU)
a collective term often used to identify as a group the successor nations
to the Soviet Union or USSR; this group of 15 countries consists of Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
former USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE)
the middle group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); these
countries are in political and economic transition and may well be grouped differently
in the near future; this group of 27 countries consists of Albania, Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and
Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan;
this group is identical to the IMF group "countries in transition"
except for the IMF's inclusion of Mongolia
Four Dragons
the four small Asian less developed countries (LDCs) that have experienced
unusually rapid economic growth; also known as the Four Tigers; this group consists
of Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan; these countries are included in
the IMF's "advanced economies" group
Four Tigers
another term for the Four Dragons; see Four Dragons
Franc Zone (FZ)
note - also known as Conference des Ministres des Finances des
Pays de la Zone Franc
address - c/o Banque de France, Service de la Zone Franc, 39 Rue
des Croix des Petits Champs, F-75001 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 42 92 42 92
FAX - [33] (1) 42 96 04 23
established - NA 1964
aim - to form a monetary union among countries whose currencies
are linked to the French franc
members - (16) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic,
Chad, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, France,
Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo; note - France includes
metropolitan France, the four overseas departments of France (French Guiana,
Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of France
(Mayotte, Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the three overseas territories of
France (French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna)
Front Line States (FLS)
established to achieve black majority rule in South Africa; has since
gone out of existence; members included Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia,
Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
was established 30 October 1947 to promote the expansion of international trade
on a nondiscriminatory basis; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO)
on 1 January 1995; members at the time were Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
Group of 2 (G-2)
informal term that came into use about 1986; to facilitate bilateral economic
cooperation between the two most powerful economic giants Japan, US
Group of 3 (G-3)
address - c/o Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Grupo de los Tres, Caracas,
Venezuela
established - NA September 1990
aim - mechanism for policy coordination
members - (3) Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela
Group of 5 (G-5)
established - 22 September 1985
aim - to coordinate the economic policies of five major noncommunist
economic powers
members - (5) France, Germany, Japan, UK, US
Group of 6 (G-6)
note - also known as Groupe des Six Sur le Desarmement; not to
be confused with the Big Six
established - 22 May 1984
aim - to achieve nuclear disarmament
members - (6) Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania
Group of 7 (G-7)
note - membership is the same as the Big Seven
established - 22 September 1985
aim - to facilitate economic cooperation among the seven major
noncommunist economic powers
members - (7) Group of 5 (France, Germany, Japan, UK, US) plus
Canada and Italy
Group of 8 (G-8)
established - NA October 1975
aim - to facilitate economic cooperation among the developed countries
(DCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation
(CIEC), held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977
members - (9) Canada, EU (as one member), France, Germany, Italy,
Japan, Russia, UK, US
Group of 9 (G-9)
established - NA
aim - to discuss matters of mutual interest on an informal basis
members - (9) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Hungary,
Romania, Sweden, Yugoslavia
Group of 10 (G-10)
note - also known as the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members
of the IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal
steering committee; name persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland on
NA April 1984
address - c/o IMF Office in Europe, 64-66 Avenue d'Iena, F-75116
Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 40 69 30 80
FAX - [33] (1) 47 23 40 89
established - NA October 1962
aim - to coordinate credit policy
members - (11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
nonstate participants - (4) BIS, EU, IMF, OECD
Group of 11 (G-11)
note - also known as the Cartagena Group
established - 21-22 June 1984, in Cartagena, Colombia
aim - to provide a forum for largest debtor nations in Latin America
members - (11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
Group of 15 (G-15)
note - byproduct of the Nonaligned Movement
address - Technical Support Facility, Ch du Champ d'Ancier 17,
Case Postale 326, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 798 42 10
FAX - [41] (22) 798 38 49
established - September 1989
aim - to promote economic cooperation among developing nations;
to act as the main political organ for the Nonaligned Movement
members - (15) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia,
Jamaica, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela, former Yugoslavia,
Zimbabwe
Group of 19 (G-19)
established in NA October 1975 to represent the interests of the less
developed countries (LDCs) that participated in the Conference on International
Economic Cooperation (CIEC) held in several sessions between NA December 1975
and 3 June 1977; members included Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Mexico,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia
Group of 24 (G-24)
address - c/o European Commission, DGIA General Matters and G-24
Coordination Unit, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 299 02 28
FAX - [32] (2) 296 59 59
established - 1 August 1989
aim - to promote the interests of developing countries in Africa,
Asia, and Latin America within the IMF
members - (24) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala,
India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka,
Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
Group of 30 (G-30)
address - 1990 M Street NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20036, US
telephone - [1] (202) 331 2472
FAX - [1] (202) 785 9423
established - NA 1978
aim - to discuss and propose solutions to the world's economic
problems
members - (30) informal group of 30 leading international bankers,
economists, financial experts, and business leaders organized by Johannes Witteveen
(former managing director of the IMF)
Group of 33 (G-33)
established in NA 1987 to promote solutions to international economic
problems; members included the leading economists from 13 countries
Group of 77 (G-77)
address - Office of the Chairman, United Nations, Room S-3959,
P. O. Box 20, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 3816, 963 0192, 963 4777
FAX - [1] (212) 963 3515, 963 1753
established - 15 June 1964 was set up; NA October 1967 first ministerial
meeting
aim - to promote economic cooperation among developing countries;
name persists in spite of increased membership
members - (131 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba,
Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall
Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon
Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine
Liberation Organization
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
note - also known as the Cooperation Council for the Arab States
of the Gulf
address - P. O. Box 7153, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (1) 482 7777, extension 1238
FAX - [966] (1) 482 9109
established - 25 May 1981
aim - to promote regional cooperation in economic, social, political,
and military affairs
members - (6) Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE
Hexagonal Group
see Central European Initiative (CEI)
high-income countries
another term for the industrialized countries with high per capita GDPs;
see developed countries (DCs)
Indian Ocean Commission (InOC)
address - Q4 Avenue Sir Guy Forget, BP7, Quatre Bornes, Mauritius
telephone - [230] 425 9564, 425 1652
FAX - [230] 425 1209
established - 21 December 1982
aim - to organize and promote regional cooperation in all sectors, especially
economic
members - (5) Comoros, France (for Reunion), Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles
industrial countries
another term for the developed countries; see developed countries (DCs)
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
note - also known as Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
address - 1300 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20577, US
telephone - [1] (202) 623 1000
FAX - [1] (202) 623 3096
established - 8 April 1959
effective - 30 December 1959
aim - to promote economic and social development in Latin America
members - (46) Argentina, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands,
Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Suriname,
Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
note - formerly known as Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought
and Development (IGADD)
address - P. O. Box 2653, Djibouti, Djibouti
telephone - [253] 354050
FAX - [253] 356994, 356284
established - 15-16 January 1986 as the Inter-Governmental Authority
on Drought and Development
revitalized - 21 March 1996 as the Inter-Governmental Authority
on Development
aim - to promote a social, economic, and scientific community among
its members
members - (7) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan,
Uganda
Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)
see Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
address - Wagramerstrasse 5, P. O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 26000
FAX - [43] (1) 26007
established - 26 October 1956
effective - 29 July 1957
aim - to promote peaceful uses of atomic energy
members - (129) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,
Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia,
Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia,
Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC)
was established on 22 October 1963 to promote economic cooperation and
development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, GDR, Hungary, Mongolia,
Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
note - also known as the World Bank
address - 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone - [1] (202) 477 1234
FAX - [1] (202) 477 6391
established - 22 July 1944
effective - 27 December 1945
aim - to provide economic development loans; a UN specialized agency
members - (181) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
address - 38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 49 53 28 28
FAX - [33] (1) 49 53 29 42
established - NA 1919
aim - to promote free trade and private enterprise and to represent
business interests at national and international levels
members - (62 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia,
Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South
Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco,
Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan,
Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
address - ICAO, 999 University Street, Montreal H3C 5H7, Canada
telephone - [1] (514) 954 8219
FAX - [1] (514) 954 6077
established - 7 December 1944
effective - 4 April 1947
aim - to promote international cooperation in civil aviation; a
UN specialized agency
members - (185) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea,
South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
address - ICRC, 19 Avenue de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 734 60 01
FAX - [41] (22) 733 20 57
established - 17 February 1863
aim - to provide humanitarian aid in wartime
members - (25 individuals) all Swiss nationals
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)
address - International Trade Union House, Boulevard Emile Jacqmain
155, B-1210 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 224 02 11
FAX - [32] (2) 201 58 15, 203 07 56
established - NA December 1949
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (206 affiliated organizations in the following 141 countries)
Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of
the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Curacao, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El
Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, Finland, France, French
Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Holy See, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati,
South Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco,
Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
note - also known as the World Court
address - Peace Palace, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
telephone - [31] (70) 302 23 23
FAX - [31] (70) 364 99 28
established - 3 February 1946 superseded Permanent Court of International
Justice
aim - primary judicial organ of the UN
members - (15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly and Security
Council to represent all principal legal systems
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
address - BP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, France
telephone - [33] (4) 72 44 70 00
FAX - [33] (4) 72 44 71 63
established - NA September 1923 set up as the International Criminal
Police Commission; 13 June 1956 constitution modified and present name adopted
aim - to promote international cooperation among police authorities
in fighting crime
members - (177) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and
Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands
Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
subbureaus - (14) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin
Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat, Northern
Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands
International Development Association (IDA)
address - 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone - [1] (202) 477 1234
FAX - [1] (202) 477 6391
established - 26 January 1960
effective - 24 September 1960
aim - UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that provides economic
loans for low income countries
members - (160)
Part I - (26 developed countries) Australia, Austria,
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South
Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, US
Part II - (134 less developed countries) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palau,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Energy Agency (IEA)
address - 9 Rue de la Federation, F-75739 Paris CEDEX 15, France
telephone - [33] (1) 40 57 65 00
FAX - [33] (1) 40 57 65 09
established - 15 November 1974
aim - to promote cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency
oil sharing and relations between oil consumers and oil producers; established
by the OECD
members - (24) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
observers - (16) Commission of the European Communities, Czech
Republic, Iceland, South Korea, Mexico, Poland
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
note - formerly known as League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
(LORCS)
address - Chemin des Crets 17, CP 372, Petit-Saconnex, CH-1211
Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 4222
FAX - [41] (22) 733 0395
established - 5 May 1919
aim - to organize, coordinate, and direct international relief
actions; to promote humanitarian activities; to represent and encourage the
development of National Societies; to bring help to victims of armed conflicts,
refugees, and displaced people; to reduce the vulnerability of people through
development programs
members - (175) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The
Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia,
Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,
San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (4) Comoros, Cyprus, Gabon, Tuvalu
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
address - 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone - [1] (202) 477 1234
FAX - [1] (202) 974 4384, 477 6391
established - 25 May 1955
effective - 24 July 1956
aim - to support private enterprise in international economic development;
a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate
members - (174) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali,
Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
address - Via del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 54591
FAX - [39] (6) 5043463
established - NA November 1974
aim - to promote agricultural development; a UN specialized agency
members - (161)
Category I - (22 industrialized aid contributors) Australia,
Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, UK, US
Category II - (12 petroleum-exporting aid contributors)
Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia, UAE, Venezuela
Category III - (127 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Yemen,
Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
note - name changed from International Hydrographic Bureau on 22
September 1970
address - BP 445, 4 Quai Antoine 1st, Monaco MC 98011, CEDEX, Monaco
telephone - [33] (93) 01 81 00
FAX - [33] (93) 10 81 40
established - NA June 1919
effective - NA June 1921
aim - to train hydrographic surveyors and nautical cartographers
to achieve standardization in nautical charts and electronic chart displays;
to provide advice on nautical cartography and hydrography; to develop the sciences
in the field of hydrography and techniques used for descriptive oceanography
members - (66) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy,
Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Monaco, Mozambique Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname,
Sweden, Syria, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
membership pending - (7) Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Jamaica, Kuwait,
Mauritania, Morocco, Qatar
International Investment Bank (IIB)
established on 7 July 1970; to promote economic development; members were
Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania,
USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter
International Labor Organization (ILO)
address - International Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211
Geneva 22, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 799 61 11
FAX - [41] (22) 798 86 85
established - 28 June 1919 set up as part of Treaty of Versailles;
11 April 1919 became operative; 14 December 1946 affiliated with the UN
aim - to deal with world labor issues; a UN specialized agency
members - (173) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
note - name changed from Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative
Organization (IMCO) on 22 May 1982
address - 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, UK
telephone - [44] (171) 735 7611
FAX - [44] (171) 587 3210
established - 6 March 1948 set up as the Inter-Governmental Maritime
Consultative Organization
effective - 17 March 1958
aim - to deal with international maritime affairs; a UN specialized
agency
members - (157) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei,
Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia,
Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen
associate members - (2) Hong Kong, Macau
International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
see International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
note - formerly International Maritime Satellite Organization
address - 99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK
telephone - [44] (171) 728 1000, 728 1100
FAX - [44] (171) 728 1044, 728 1100
established - 3 September 1976
effective - 16 July 1979
aim - to provide worldwide communications for commercial, distress,
and safety applications, at sea, in the air, and on land
members - (86) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall
Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Singapore, Slovakia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia,
Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Vietnam
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
address - 700 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20431, US
telephone - [1] (202) 623 7000
FAX - [1] (202) 623 4661, 623 7491, 623 4662
established - 22 July 1944
effective - 27 December 1945
aim - to promote world monetary stability and economic development;
a UN specialized agency
members - (182) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
address - Chateau de Vidy, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (21) 621 61 11
FAX - [41] (21) 621 62 16, 621 63 54
established - 23 June 1894
aim - to promote the Olympic ideals and administer the Olympic
games: 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia; 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt
Lake City, United States; 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece
National Olympic Committees - (199 and the Palestine Liberation
Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British
Virgin Islands, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands
Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico,
Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Yemen, Yugoslavia (Serbia
and Montenegro), Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
note - established as Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for
the Movement of Migrants from Europe; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for
European Migration (ICEM) on 15 November 1952; renamed Intergovernmental Committee
for Migration (ICM) in November 1980; current name adopted 14 November 1989
address - 17 route des Morillons, CP 71, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 717 91 11
FAX - [41] (22) 798 61 50
established - 5 December 1951
aim - to facilitate orderly international emigration and immigration
members - (69) Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa
Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau,
Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Liberia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mali, Morocco, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Slovakia,
South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Tunisia, Uganda, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia
observers - (47) Afghanistan, Algeria, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Brazil, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cuba, Estonia, Ethiopia, Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Holy See, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Madagascar,
Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Mozambique, Namibia, NZ, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Rwanda,
San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, UK, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
address - CP 56, 1 Rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 749 01 11
FAX - [41] (22) 733 34 30
established - NA February 1947
aim - to promote the development of international standards with
a view to facilitating international exchange of goods and services and to developing
cooperation in the sphere of intellectual, scientific, technological and economic
activity
members - (88 national standards organizations) Albania, Algeria,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt,
Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
North Korea, South Korea, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Saudi Arabia, Serbia and Montenegro, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Zimbabwe
correspondent members - (35) Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Barbados,
Bolivia, Brunei, Cote d'Ivoire, El Salvador, Estonia, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea,
Hong Kong, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malta, Moldova, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Oman, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Seychelles, Sudan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE
subscriber members - (9) Benin, Cambodia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Grenada, Guyana, Namibia, Saint Lucia
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
address - International Conference of the Red Cross, 19 Avenue
de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 734 60 01
FAX - [41] (22) 733 20 57
established - NA 1928
aim - to promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the International
Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and International Federation of
Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS; formerly League of Red Cross and
Red Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetime
National Societies - (175 countries) Afghanistan, Albania,
Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium,
Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Palau,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,
Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
address - Place des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 6039
FAX - [41] (22) 733 7256, 730 5939
established - 17 May 1865 set up as the International Telegraph
Union; 9 December 1932 adopted present name
effective - 1 January 1934
affiliated with the UN - 15 November 1947
aim - to deal with world telecommunications issues; a UN specialized
agency
members - (188) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The
Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina
Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France,
Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK,
US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (Intelsat)
address - Intelsat, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC
20008-3098, US
telephone - [1] (202) 944 7500
FAX - [1] (202) 944 7890
established - 20 August 1964 set up as the Telecommunications Satellite
Consortium; 12 February 1973 adopted present name
aim - to develop and operate a global commercial telecommunications
satellite system
members - (143) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei,
Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia,
Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti,
Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
nonsignatory users - (42) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda,
Belarus, Belize, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cook Islands, Cuba, Djibouti, Eritrea,
The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kiribati, North Korea, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho,
Liberia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Maldives, Marshall
Islands, Moldova, Nauru, Niue, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, Vanuatu
Islamic Development Bank (IDB)
address - P. O. Box 5925, Jeddah 21432, Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (2) 6361400
FAX - [966] (2) 6366871
established - 15 December 1973 by declaration of intent
effective - 12 August 1974
aim - to promote Islamic economic aid and social development
members - (51 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso,
Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Oman, Pakistan,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation
Organization
Latin American Economic System (LAES)
note - also known as Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)
address - SELA, Avenida Francisco de Miranda, Torre Europa, Piso 4, Chacaito,
Apartado de Correos 17035, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela
telephone - [58] (2) 905 5111
FAX - [58] (2) 951 6953, 951 7246
established - 17 October 1975
aim - to promote economic and social development through regional cooperation
members - (28) Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,
Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers - (21) Andean Promotion Corporation, China, Costa Rica, Dominican
Republic, El Salvador, EEC, Guatemala, Honduras, IADB, Inter-American Institute
for Agricultural Cooperation, Italy, Nicaragua, OAS, Panama, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Spain, Switzerland, UN Development Program, UN Economic Commission for
Latin America and the Caribbean
Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
note - also known as Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion
(ALADI)
address - Calle Cebollati 1461, Casilla de Correo 577, 11000 Montevideo,
Uruguay
telephone - [598] (2) 400 11 21, 409 59 15
FAX - [598] (2) 409 06 49
established - 12 August 1980
effective - 18 March 1981
aim - to promote freer regional trade
members - (12) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba,
Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers - (21) China, Commission of the European Communities, Corporacion
Andina de Fomento, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Inter-American Development Bank, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on
Agriculture, Italy, Latin America Economic System, Nicaragua, Organization of
American States, Panama, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, United
Nations Development Program, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America
and the Caribbean
League of Arab States (LAS)
see Arab League (AL)
League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)
see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
least developed countries (LLDCs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) initially identified by the UN General Assembly in 1971 as having no significant economic growth, per capita GDPs normally less than $1,000, and low literacy rates; also known as the undeveloped countries; the 42 LLDCs are: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Lesotho, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Yemen
less developed countries (LDCs)
the bottom group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); mainly
countries and dependent areas with low levels of output, living standards, and
technology; per capita GDPs are generally below $5,000 and often less than $1,500;
however, the group also includes a number of countries with high per capita
incomes, areas of advanced technology, and rapid rates of growth; includes the
advanced developing countries, developing countries, Four Dragons (Four Tigers),
least developed countries (LLDCs), low-income countries, middle-income countries,
newly industrializing economies (NIEs), the South, Third World, underdeveloped
countries, undeveloped countries; the 172 LDCs are: Afghanistan, Algeria, American
Samoa, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil,
British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Christmas
Island, Cocos Islands, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, French Guiana, French Polynesia,
Gabon, The Gambia, Gaza Strip, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe,
Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong
Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jersey, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati,
North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Macau,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Isle of Man, Marshall Islands,
Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated States of Micronesia,
Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands
Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern
Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Rwanda, Saint
Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, UAE, Uganda,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna, West
Bank, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - similar to the new International
Monetary Fund (IMF) term "developing countries" which adds Malta,
Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey but omits in its recently published statistics
American Samoa, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman Islands, Christmas
Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland Islands, French
Guiana, French Polynesia, Gaza Strip, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe,
Guam, Guernsey, Jersey, North Korea, Macau, Isle of Man, Martinique, Mayotte,
Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands,
Palau, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and
Miquelon, Tokelau, Tonga, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands,
Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara
London Suppliers Group
see Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
low-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with below-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur)
see Southern Cone Common Market
middle-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with above-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
Near Abroad
Russian term for the 14 non-Russian successor states of the USSR, in which 25
million ethnic Russians live and in which Moscow has expressed a strong national
security interest; the 14 countries are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia,
Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan
newly industrializing countries (NICs)
former term for the newly industrializing economies; see newly industrializing
economies (NIEs)
newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) that has experienced
particularly rapid industrialization of their economies; formerly known as the
newly industrializing countries (NICs); also known as advanced developing countries;
usually includes the Four Dragons (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan),
and Brazil
Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
address - Permanent Representative of the Republic of South Africa
to the United Nations, 333 East 38th Street, 9th floor, New York, NY 10016,
US
telephone - [1] (212) 213 5583
FAX - [1] (212) 692 2498
established - 1-6 September 1961
aim - to establish political and military cooperation apart from
the traditional East or West blocs
members - (113 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Angola, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba,
Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, Kuwait, Laos,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali,
Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines,
Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia
and Montenegro, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization
observers - (16) Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil,
China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Paraguay, Ukraine, Uruguay
guests - (28) Australia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, South Korea, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Nordic Council (NC)
address - Store Strandstraede 18, PB 3043, DK-1021 Kobenhavn K,
Denmark
telephone - [45] 33 96 04 00
FAX - [45] 33 11 18 70
established - 16 March 1952
effective - 12 February 1953
aim - to promote regional economic, cultural, and environmental
cooperation
members - (5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland),
Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
observers - (3) the Sami (Lapp) local parliaments of Finland, Norway,
and Sweden
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
address - Fabianinkatu 34, P. O. Box 249, FIN-00171 Helsinki, Finland
telephone - [358] (0) 18001
FAX - [358] (0) 1800210
established - 4 December 1975
effective - 1 June 1976
aim - to promote economic cooperation and development
members - (5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland),
Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
North
a popular term for the rich industrialized countries generally located
in the northern portion of the Northern Hemisphere; the counterpart of the South;
see developed countries (DCs)
North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)
see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
address - B-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 707 4111
FAX - [32] (2) 707 4579
established - 4 April 1949
aim - to promote mutual defense and cooperation
members - (19) Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
note - also known as OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
address - AEN/NEA, Le Seine St. Germain, 12 Boulevard des Iles,
F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 24 10 10
FAX - [33] (1) 45 24 11 10
established - 1 February 1958
aim - to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; associated
with OECD
members - (27) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
note - also known as the London Suppliers Group or the London Group
address - c/o Permanent Mission of Japan to the International Organizations
in Vienna, Andromeda Tower, 23rd floor, Donau City Strasse 6, A-1220 Vienna,
Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 260 6300
FAX - [43] (1) 263 6749
established - NA 1974
effective - NA 1975
aim - to establish guidelines for exports of nuclear materials,
processing equipment for uranium enrichment, and technical information to countries
of proliferation concern and regions of conflict and instability
members - (35) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US
observer - (1) European Commission (a policy-planning body for
the EU)
Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en
la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)
see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
(OPANAL)
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
address - 2 Rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 24 82 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 24 85 00, 45 24 81 76, 45 24 18 15
established - 14 December 1960
effective - 30 September 1961
aim - to promote economic cooperation and development
members - (29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
special member - (1) EU
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
note - formerly the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
(CSCE) established 3 July 1975
address - Karntner Ring 5-7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 514 36-190
FAX - [43] (1) 514 36-96
established - 1 January 1995
aim - to foster the implementation of human rights, fundamental
freedoms, democracy, and the rule of law; to act as an instrument of early warning,
conflict prevention and crisis management; and to serve as a framework for conventional
arms control and confidence building measures
members - (55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (suspended)
partners for cooperation - (8) Algeria, Egypt, Israel,
Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Morocco, Tunisia
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
address - Johan de Wittlaan 32, NL-2517 JR The Hague, Netherlands
telephone - [31] (70) 416 33 00
FAX - [31] (70) 360 09 44
established - 29 April 1997
aim - to enforce the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development,
Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction;
to provide a forum for consultation and cooperation among the signatories of
the Convention
members - (169) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States
of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,
San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Organization of African Unity (OAU)
address - P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone - [251] (1) 517700
FAX - [251] (1) 512622, 517844
established - 25 May 1963
aim - to promote unity and cooperation among African states
members - (54) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,
Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco (temporarily suspended), Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda,
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Organization of American States (OAS)
address - corner of 17th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
DC 20006, US
telephone - [1] (202) 458 3000
FAX - [1] (202) 458 3967
established - 14 April 1890 as the International Union of American
Republics; 30 April 1948 adopted present charter
effective - 13 December 1951
aim - to promote regional peace and security as well as economic
and social development
members - (35) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (excluded
from formal participation since 1962), Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers - (45) Algeria, Angola, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,
EU, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, India, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Morocco, Netherlands,
Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, Yemen
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
address - P. O. Box 20501, Safat 13066, Kuwait
telephone - [965] 4844500
FAX - [965] 4815747
established - 9 January 1968
aim - to promote cooperation in the petroleum industry
members - (10) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
address - OECS, P. O. Box 179, Morne Fortune, Castries, Saint Lucia
telephone - [1] (758) 45 22537, 45 22538
FAX - [1] (758) 45 31628
established - 18 June 1981
effective - 4 July 1981
aim - to promote political, economic, and defense cooperation
members - (7) Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines associate
members - (2) Anguilla, British Virgin Islands
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
address - Obere Donaustrasse 93, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 21 11 20
FAX - [43] (1) 216 43 20
established - 14 September 1960
aim - to coordinate petroleum policies
members - (11) Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela
Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)
address - 6 km Makkah Al-Mukarramah Road, P. O. Box 178, Jeddah
21411, Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (2) 680-0800
FAX - [966] (2) 687-6568
established - 22-25 September 1969
aim - to promote Islamic solidarity in economic, social, cultural,
and political affairs
members - (52 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso,
Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Oman, Pakistan,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Syria,
Tajikistan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine
Liberation Organization
observers - (4) Bosnia and Herzegovina, Central African Republic,
Moro National Liberation Front of the Philippines, "Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus"
Pacific Community
note - formerly known as the South Pacific Commission (SPC)
address - BP D5, 98848 Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia
telephone - [687] 26 20 00
FAX - [687] 26 38 18
established - 6 February 1947
effective - 29 July 1948
aim - to promote regional cooperation in economic and social matters
members - (26) American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, France,
French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia,
Nauru, New Caledonia, NZ, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, US, Vanuatu,
Wallis and Futuna
Paris Club
see Group of 10
Partnership for Peace (PFP)
address - NATO Office of Information and Press, B-1110 Brussels,
Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 728 44 15
FAX - [32] (2) 728 45 79
established - 10-11 January 1994
aim - to expand and intensify political and military cooperation
throughout Europe, increase stability, diminish threats to peace, and build
relationships by promoting the spirit of practical cooperation and commitment
to democratic principles that underpin NATO; program under the auspices of NATO
members - (27) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova,
Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkmenistan,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
address - Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, NL-2517 KJ The Hague,
Netherlands
telephone - [31] (70) 302 42 42
FAX - [31] (70) 302 41 67
established - 29 July 1899
aim - to facilitate the settlement of international disputes
members - (86) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium,
Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,
China, Colombia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela,
Zaire, Zimbabwe
Population Commission
see Commission on Population and Development
Rio Group (RG)
note - formerly known as Grupo de los Ocho, established in December 1986
address - Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Edificio AYFRA, Piso 10,
Pdte Franco y Ayolas, Asuncion, Paraguay
telephone - [595] (21) 448409, 493872
FAX - [595] (21) 450911, 493910
established - NA 1988
aim - to consult on regional Latin American issues
members - (12) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
Second World
another term for the traditionally Marxist-Leninist states of the USSR and Eastern
Europe, with authoritarian governments and command economies based on the Soviet
model; the term is fading from use; see centrally planned economies
Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC)
see Pacific Community
Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)
see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
Social Commission
see Commission for Social Development
socialist countries
in general, countries in which the government owns and plans the use of the major factors of production; note - the term is sometimes used incorrectly as a synonym for communist countries
South
a popular term for the poorer, less industrialized countries generally
located south of the developed countries; the counterpart of the North; see
less developed countries (LDCs)
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
address - P. O. Box 4222, Kathmandu, Nepal
telephone - [977] (1) 221785, 226350, 221792, 228029
FAX - [977] (1) 227033, 223991
established - 8 December 1985
aim - to promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation
members - (7) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan,
Sri Lanka
South Pacific Commission (SPC)
see Pacific Community (SPC)
South Pacific Forum (SPF)
address - c/o Forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road, Private Mail
Bag, Suva, Fiji
telephone - [679] 312 600, 303 106
FAX - [679] 301 102, 305 573
established - 5 August 1971
aim - to promote regional cooperation in political matters
members - (16) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (Sparteca)
address - c/o forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road GPO Box 856,
Suva, Fiji
telephone - [679] 312 600, 303 106
FAX - [679] 302 204
established - NA 1981
aim - to redress unequal trade relationships of Australia and New
Zealand with small island economies in the Pacific region
members - (16) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
address - Director of Customs and Excise, Ministry of Finance,
Private Bag 13295, Windhoek, Namibia
established - 11 December 1969
aim - to promote free trade and cooperation in customs matters
members - (5) Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
note - evolved from the Southern African Development Coordination
Conference (SADCC)
address - Private Bag 0095, Gaborone, Botswana
telephone - [267] (31) 351863, 351864, 351865
FAX - [267] (31) 372848
established - 17 August 1992
aim - to promote regional economic development and integration
members - (14) Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur) or Southern Common Market
note - also known as Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur)
address - Rincon 575 Piso 12, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay
telephone - [598] (2) 9164590
FAX - [598] (2) 9164591
established - 26 March 1991
aim - to increase regional economic cooperation
members - (4) Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
associate member - (2) Bolivia, Chile
Statistical Commission
address - Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social
Affairs, United Nations, DC-2 Building, Room 2963, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 9851
established - 21 June 1946
aim - to deal with development and standardization of national
statistics of interest to the UN, as part of the Economic and Social Council
organization
members - (24) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Third World
another term for the less developed countries; the term is obsolescent; see
less developed countries (LDCs)
refers to those less developed countries with the potential for above-average economic growth; see less developed countries (LDCs)
undeveloped countries
refers to those extremely poor less developed countries (LDCs) with little prospect for economic growth; see least developed countries (LLDCs)
Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale (UDEAC)
see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
United Nations (UN)
address - United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to maintain international peace and security and to promote
cooperation involving economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems
members - (187 excluding Yugoslavia) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,
Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria,
Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - all UN members
are represented in the General Assembly; Tuvalu will become a member in 2000
observers - (2 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Holy
See, Switzerland, Palestine Liberation Organization
United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM III)
successor to original UNAVEM and UNAVEM II; established 20 December 1988;
renewed for third time 8 February 1995; aim was to assist the parties in restoring
peace and achieving national reconciliation in Angola on the basis of the Peace
Accords, the Lusaka Protocol, and relevant Security Council resolutions; established
by the UN Security Council; members Bangladesh, Brazil, Bulgaria, Egypt, Fiji,
Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Jordan, Mongolia, Mali, Morocco, Netherlands,
Nigeria, Portugal, Sweden, Tanzania, Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe; disbanded 30
June 1997
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)
established 5 October 1993 to support and provide safe conditions for
displaced persons and human rights monitors, and to assist in training a new
national police force; established by the UN Security Council; members were
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, Chad, Republic of the Congo,
Djibouti, Fiji, Germany, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Jordan, Malawi,
Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Senegal, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uruguay,
Zambia, Zimbabwe; terminated 8 March 1996
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
note - acronym retained from the predecessor organization UN International
Children's Emergency Fund
address - UNICEF House, Three United Nations Plaza, New York, NY
10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 326 7000
FAX - [1] (212) 888 7465, 888 7454
established - 11 December 1946
aim - to help establish child health and welfare services
members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti (MIPONUH)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Office for
Special Political Affairs, Room S-3260E, United Nations, New York NY 10017,
US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 28 November 1997
aim - to support the professionalization of the Haitian National
Police; established by UN Security Council
members - (11) Argentina, Benin, Canada, France, India, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, US
United Nations Civilian Police Support Group in Croatia
established 19 December 1997 to monitor the Croatian police with respect
to the return of displaced persons; members were Argentina, Austria, Denmark,
Egypt, Fiji, Finland, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Lithuania, Nepal, Nigeria,
Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Tunisia, Ukraine, US; disbanded 15 October 1998
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
address - UNCTAD, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34
FAX - [41] (22) 907 00 57, 907 00 43
established - 30 December 1964
aim - to promote international trade
members - (188) all UN members plus Holy See, Switzerland, Tonga
United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO)
established 31 March 1995 to separate Croatian and Krajina Serb forces;
to monitor demilitarization of the Prevlaka Peninsula; to maintain a presence
on Croatia's international borders; to monitor and report the crossing of military
personnel, equipment, supplies and weapons; to facilitate delivery of humanitarian
assistance; to aid refugees and displaced persons; to protect ethnic minorities;
and to clear mines; established by the UN Security Council; members were Argentina,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Lithuania,
Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia,
Senegal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US; disbanded
January 1996
United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
address - One United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 906 5788, 906 5000
FAX - [1] (212) 906 5365
established - 22 November 1965
aim - to provide technical assistance to stimulate economic and
social development
members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, United Nations,
Room S-3260E, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 31 May 1974
aim - to observe the 1973 Arab-Israeli cease-fire; established
by the UN Security Council
members - (5) Austria, Canada, Japan, Poland, Slovakia
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
address - 7 place de Fontenoy, F-75352 Paris 07SP, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 68 10 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 67 16 90
established - 16 November 1945
effective - 4 November 1946
aim - to promote cooperation in education, science, and culture
members - (186) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The
Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France,
Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall
Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK,
Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (4) Aruba, British Virgin Islands,
Macau, Netherlands Antilles
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
address - P. O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya
telephone - [254] (2) 230800, 520600, 621234, 623292
FAX - [254] (2) 226890, 623927, 623692
established - 15 December 1972
aim - to promote international cooperation on all environmental
matters
members - (58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations General Assembly
address - see United Nations
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to function as the primary deliberative organ of the UN
members - (185) all UN members are represented in the General Assembly
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
address - UNHCR Headquarters, Case Postale 2500, Depot, CH-1211
Geneva 2, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 739 81 11
FAX - [41] (22) 731 95 46
established - 3 December 1949
effective - 1 January 1951
aim - to ensure the humanitarian treatment of refugees and find
permanent solutions to refugee problems
members - (53) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh,
Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, India,
Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Morocco,
Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland,
Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
address - Vienna International Center, P. O. Box 300, A-1400 Vienna,
Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 211 310
FAX - [43] (1) 23 21 56
established - 17 November 1966
effective - 1 January 1967
aim - UN specialized agency that promotes industrial development
especially among the members
members - (168) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina,
Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,
Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South
Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)
address - Palais des Nations, Bureau 1070, CH-1211, Geneva 10,
Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 798-58-50, 798-84-00
FAX - [41] (22) 733-13-83
established - 11 December 1963 adoption of the resolution establishing
the Institute
effective - 24 March 1965
aim - to help the UN become more effective through training and
research
members (Board of Trustees) - (19) Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Cameroon, Chile, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand; note - the UN
Secretary General can appoint up to 30 members
United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 10 June 1999
aim - to promote the establishment of substantial autonomy and
self-government in Kosovo; to perform basic civilian administrative functions;
to support the reconstruction of key infrastructure and humanitarian and disaster
relief
members - (49) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia,
Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France,
Germany, Ghana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan,
Lithuania, Malawi, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine UK, US, Zambia, Zimbabwe
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 19 March 1978
aim - to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces, and assist in
reestablishing Lebanese authority in southern Lebanon; established by the UN
Security Council
members - (9) Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, India, Ireland, Italy,
Nepal, Poland
United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 9 April 1991
aim - to observe and monitor the demilitarized zone established
between Iraq and Kuwait; established by the UN Security Council
members - (33) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, China, Denmark,
Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland,
Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia, Senegal,
Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)
address - P. O. Box 68, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
telephone - [92] (51) 564 298
FAX - [92] (51) 567 897, 565 861
established - 24 January 1949
aim - to observe the 1949 India-Pakistan cease-fire; established
by the UN Security Council
members - (8) Belgium, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Italy, South Korea,
Sweden, Uruguay
United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 29 April 1991
aim - to supervise the cease-fire and conduct a referendum in Western
Sahara; established by the UN Security Council
members - (29) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, China, Egypt,
El Salvador, France, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Honduras, India, Ireland, Italy,
Kenya, South Korea, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia,
Sweden, Togo, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 21 December 1995
aim - to establish an International Police Task Force (IPTF) to
implement the Dayton Peace Agreement in Bosnia and Herzegovina
members - (44) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Canada,
Chile, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Lithuania,
Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Senegal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine,
UK, US
United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)
established 23 September 1993; aim was to assist in implementing the agreement
to transfer power back into the civilian government; established by the UN Security
Council; became the United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (UNSMIH) 28 June
1996 with the aim to assist in the professionalization of the Haitian National
Police; members were Algeria, Canada, France, India, Mali, Pakistan, Togo, US;
disbanded 31 July 1997
United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA)
established NA April 1998 to provide security in the capital as the government
undertakes the necessary reforms to provide its own security; to provide training
to civilian police; members were Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon Canada, Chad,
Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, France, Gabon, Mali, Portugal, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia;
was disbanded 15 February 2000
United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963-1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758-2718
established - 22 October 1999
aim - to cooperate with the Government of Sierra Leone and the
other parties to the Peace Agreement in the implementation of the agreement;
to monitor the military and security situation in Sierra Leone; to monitor the
disarmament and demobilization of combatants and members of the Civil Defense
Forces (CFD); to assist in monitoring respect for international humanitarian
law
members - (30) Bangladesh, Bolivia, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Egypt, France, The Gambia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya,
Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Namibia, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Russia,
Slovakia, Sweden, Thailand, Tanzania, UK, Uruguay, Zambia
United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 1 February 1996
aim - to monitor the demilitarization of the Prevlaka peninsula
members - (24) Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya,
Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland,
Ukraine
United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 16 December 1994
aim - to monitor and investigate violations of the cease-fire of
17 September 1994 between Tajikistan and the Tajik opposition and to assist
in the political negotiation process; established by the UN Security Council
members - (13) Austria, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Ghana, Indonesia, Jordan, Nepal, Nigeria, Poland, Ukraine, Uruguay
United Nations Monitoring and Verification Commission (UNMOVIC)
note - formerly known as United Nations Special Commission for
the Elimination of Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction (UNSCOM)
address - c/o United Nations, Room S-3120H, New York, NY 10017,
US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 3018
FAX - [1] (212) 963 3922
established - NA December 1999
aim - to identify, account for, and eliminate Iraq's weapons of
mass destruction and the capacity to produce them
members - (22) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China, Czech
Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Nigeria,
Norway, Poland, Russia, Sri Lanka, Sweden, UK, US, Venezuela
United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA)
established 1 July 1997 to assist in implementation of peace agreement;
oversee normalization of state administration throughout National territory;
established by UN Security Council; members were Bangladesh, Bolivia, Brazil,
Egypt, India, Jordan, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal,
Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe; terminated 26 February 1999
United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)
established 20 May 1991 to verify cease-fire arrangements and to monitor
the maintenance of public order pending the organization of a new National Civil
Police; established by the UN Security Council; members were Argentina, Austria,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, France, Guyana, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Spain,
Sweden, Venezuela; disbanded April 1995
United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 24 August 1993
aim - to verify compliance with the cease-fire agreement, to monitor
weapons exclusion zone, and to supervise CIS peacekeeping force for Abkhazia;
established by the UN Security Council
members - (22) Albania, Austria, Bangladesh, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Indonesia, Jordan, South Korea, Pakistan,
Poland, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay
United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)
established 22 September 1993 to assist in the implementation of the peace
agreement; established by the UN Security Council; members were Bangladesh,
Egypt, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Pakistan; disbanded September 1997
United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)
established 1993 for six months to monitor the Uganda/Rwanda border to
verify that no military assistance reaches Rwanda across the border; established
by the UN Security Council; members were Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Hungary,
Netherlands, Senegal, Slovakia, Zimbabwe; subsumed by UNAMIR
United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
established 16 December 1992 to supervise the cease-fire; established
by the UN Security Council; members were Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Botswana,
Brazil, Canada, Cape Verde, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary,
India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Russia, Spain, Sweden, US, Uruguay, Zambia; shut down operations 31 January
1995
United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)
established 24 April 1992 to facilitate an immediate cessation of hostilities,
to maintain a cease-fire in order to promote a political settlement, and to
provide urgent humanitarian assistance; established by the UN Security Council;
members were Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, Canada, Egypt, India, Ireland,
Malaysia, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Romania, Zimbabwe; UN peacekeepers left
Somalia on 1 March 1995; some UN personnel remain in Somalia engaged in humanitarian
work
United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo (MONUC)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 30 November 1999
aim - to establish contacts with the signatories to the cease-fire
agreement and to plan for the observation of the cease-fire and disengagement
of forces
members - (24) Algeria, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Canada, Egypt,
France, Ghana, India, Italy, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Romania,
Russia, South Africa, Sweden, UK, Tanzania, Uruguay, Zambia
United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)
address - Chief of Mission, P. O. Box 1642, Nicosia, Cyprus
telephone - [357] (2) 359 700
FAX - [357] (2) 359 753
established - 4 March 1964
aim - to serve as a peacekeeping force between Greek Cypriots and
Turkish Cypriots in Cyprus; established by the UN Security Council
members - (10) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, Hungary,
Ireland, Netherlands, Slovenia, UK
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
note - acronym retained from predecessor organization UN Fund for
Population Activities
address - 220 East 42nd Street, 19th Floor, Room DN-1901, New York,
NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 297 5000
FAX - [1] (212) 557 6416
established - NA July 1967
aim - to assist both developed and developing countries to deal
with their population problems
members - (34) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP)
established 31 March 1995; to monitor border activity in the Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia; members were Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil,
Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland,
Jordan, Kenya, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, US; mandate ended 25 March 1999
United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)
established 28 February 1992; to create conditions for peace and security
required for the negotiation of an overall settlement of the "Yugoslav"
crisis; established by the UN Security Council; members were Bangladesh, Belgium,
Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana,
Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine,
UK, US; disbanded December 1995; replaced by the Implementation Force (IFOR),
which has been replaced by the Stabilization Force (SFOR)
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the
Near East (UNRWA)
address - P. O. Box 700, Vienna International Center, A-1400 Vienna,
Austria
established - 8 December 1949
aim - to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees
members - (10) Belgium, Egypt, France, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon,
Syria, Turkey, UK, US
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)
address - Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 798 84 00, 798 58 50
FAX - [41] (22) 740 07 91
established - NA 1963
aim - to conduct research into the problems of economic development
during different phases of economic growth
members - no country members, but a Board of Directors consisting
of a chairman appointed by the UN secretary general and 10 individual members
United Nations Secretariat
address - see United Nations
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to serve as the primary administrative organ of the UN; a
Secretary General is appointed for a five-year term by the General Assembly
on the recommendation of the Security Council
members - the UN Secretary General and staff
United Nations Security Council
address - c/o United Nations, Room S-3520A, New York, NY 10017,
US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to maintain international peace and security
permanent members - (5) China, France, Russia, UK, US
nonpermanent members - (10) elected for two-year terms by the UN General
Assembly; Argentina (1999-2000), Bangladesh (2000-01), Canada (1999-2000), Jamaica
(2000-01), Malaysia (1999-2000), Mali (2000-01), Namibia (1999-2000), Netherlands
(1999-2000), Tunisia (2000-01), Ukraine (2000-01)
United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET)
address - c/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 25 October 1999
aim - to provide security throughout the territory of East Timor;
to establish an effective administration; to ensure the coordination and delivery
of humanitarian assistance; to support capacity-building for self-government
members - (27) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Bolivia,
Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Ghana, Ireland, Jordan, Malaysia, Mozambique,
Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Senegal, Spain, Sweden, Thailand,
UK, US, Uruguay, Zimbabwe
United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja,
and Western Sirmium (UNTAES)
established 12 November 1995; aim to facilitate and supervise the Basic
Agreement between the government of the Republic of Croatia and the local Serbian
community that will lead to a peaceful integration of that region into the national
state of Croatia; members were Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Fiji, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan,
Kenya, Nepal, NZ, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Russian, Slovakia, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US; disbanded 15 January 1998; a UN Civilian
Police Support Group was established in December 1997 as follow-on mission to
UNTAES; the support group will continue to monitor the Croatian police in the
Danube region, particularly in connection with the return of displaced people
United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)
established by the UN Security Council on 28 February 1992 to contribute
to the restoration and maintenance of peace and to the holding of free elections;
disbanded sometime after the UN-supervised election in May 1993; members were
Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Egypt, Fiji, France, Germany, Ghana,
Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Morocco,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Russia,
Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Tunisia, UK, US, Uruguay
United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
address - Government House, P. O. Box 490, Jerusalem 91004, Israel
telephone - [972] (2) 673 4223
FAX - [972] (2) 673 5282, 673 4223 extension 400
established - NA June 1948
aim - to supervise the 1948 Arab-Israeli cease-fire; currently
supports timely deployment of reinforcements to other peacekeeping operations
in the region as needed; initially established by the UN Security Council
members - (22) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,
Chile, China, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, US
United Nations Trusteeship Council
established on 26 June 1945, effective on 24 October 1945, to supervise
the administration of the 11 UN trust territories; members were China, France,
Russia, UK, US; it formally suspended operations 1 November 1995 after the Trust
Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau) became the Republic of Palau, a constitutional
government in free association with the US; the Trusteeship Council was not
dissolved
United Nations University (UNU)
address - 53-70 Jingumae 5-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan
telephone - [81] (3) 3499 2811
FAX - [81] (3) 3499 2828
established - 3 December 1973
aim - to conduct research in development, welfare, and human survival
and to train scholars
members - (38 associated institutes in 32 countries) Argentina,
Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ethiopia,
France, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan, Kenya, South Korea,
Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Philippines, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland,
Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela
United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA)
established on 20 January 1997; to verify fulfillment of cease-fire provisions;
established by UN Security Council; members were Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Brazil, Canada, Columbia, Ecuador, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia, Singapore,
Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, US, Uruguay, Venezuela; mandate terminated in May 1997
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
address - Bureau International de l'UPU, Weltpoststrasse 4, CH-3000
Berne 15, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (31) 350 31 11
FAX - [41] (31) 350 31 10
established - 9 October 1874, affiliated with the UN 15 November
1947
effective - 1 July 1948
aim - to promote international postal cooperation; a UN specialized
agency
members - (189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati,
North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Overseas Territories of the UK, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,
San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
Warsaw Pact (WP)
established 14 May 1955 to promote mutual defense; members met 1 July 1991 to
dissolve the alliance; member states at the time of dissolution were Bulgaria,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the USSR; earlier members included
GDR and Albania
West African Development Bank (WADB)
note - also known as Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD);
is a financial institution of WAEMU
address - 68 Avenue de la Liberation, BP 1172, Lome, Togo
telephone - [228] 21 59 06, 21 42 44, 21 01 13
FAX - [228] 21 52 67, 21 72 69
established - 14 November 1973
aim - to promote regional economic development and integration
regional members - (8) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire,
Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo
international/nonregional members - (5) African Development
Bank, Belgium, European Investment Bank, France, Germany
West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)
note - also known as Union Economique et Monetaire Ouest Africaine
(UEMOA)
address - Commission de l'UEMOA, 01 BP 543, Ouadgadougou, Burkina
Faso
telephone - [226] 31 88 73 through 76
FAX - [226] 31 88 72
established - 1 August 1994
aim - to increase competitiveness of members' economic markets;
to create a common market
members - (8) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau,
Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo
West African Economic Community (CEAO)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
established on 3 June 1972 to promote regional economic development; its
members were Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal;
it was disbanded in 1994
Western European Union (WEU)
address - Rue de la Regence 4, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 500 44 11
FAX - [32] (2) 511 32 70
established - 23 October 1954
effective - 6 May 1955
aim - to provide mutual defense and to move toward political unification
members - (10) Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
associate members - (6) Czech Republic, Hungary, Iceland,
Norway, Poland, Turkey
associate partners - (7) Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
observers - (5) Austria, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden
World Bank
see International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
World Bank Group
includes International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),
International Development Association (IDA), and International Finance Corporation
(IFC)
World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
address - Rue de Treves 33, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 230 62 95
FAX - [32] (2) 230 87 22
established - 19 June 1920 as the International Federation of Christian
Trade Unions (IFCTU), renamed 4 October 1968
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (99 national organizations) Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bolivia, Bonaire Island, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curacao, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, French Guiana, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong,
Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat,
Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe
World Court
see International Court of Justice (ICJ)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
see Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
address - Branicka 112, 14701 Prague 4, Czech Republic
telephone - [42] (2) 44 46 21 40, 44 46 20 85, 44 46 29 61
FAX - [42] (2) 44 46 13 78
established - 3 October 1945
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (125 and the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria,
Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana,
Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Colombia,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, The Gambia,
Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
North Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Nepal, New
Caledonia, NZ, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Romania, Russia, Saint
Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization
World Food Council (WFC)
established 17 December 1974; to study world food problems and to recommend
solutions; ECOSOC organization; there were 36 members selected on a rotating
basis from all regions; subsumed by the World Food Program and Food and Agriculture
Organization
World Food Program (WFP)
address - Via Cesare Giullio Viola, 68/70 Parco de Medici, I-00148
Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 522821
FAX - [39] (6) 59602348, 52282840
established - 24 November 1961
aim - to provide food aid in support of economic development or
disaster relief; an ECOSOC organization
members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
World Health Organization (WHO)
address - CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 791 21 11, 791 32 23
FAX - [41] (22) 791 07 46
established - 22 July 1946
effective - 7 April 1948
aim - to deal with health matters worldwide; a UN specialized agency
members - (191) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The
Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina
Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia,
Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali,
Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of
Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niue, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,
Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (2) Puerto Rico, Tokelau
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
address - 34 Chemin des Colombettes, Case Postale 18, CH-1211 Geneva
20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 338 9111
FAX - [41] (22) 733 5428
established - 14 July 1967
effective - 26 April 1970
aim - to furnish protection for literary, artistic, and scientific
works; a UN specialized agency
members - (171) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,
Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea,
South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Sierra
Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE,
UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
address - Case Postale 2300, 41 Avenue Giuseppe-Motta, CH-1211
Geneva 2, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 81 11
FAX - [41] (22) 734 23 26
established - 11 October 1947
effective - 4 April 1951
aim - to sponsor meteorological cooperation; a UN specialized agency
members - (185) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British Caribbean Territories, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,
Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,
Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia,
Zimbabwe
World Tourism Organization (WToO)
address - Calle Capitan Haya 42, 28020 Madrid, Spain
telephone - [34] (1) 567 81 00
FAX - [34] (1) 571 37 33
established - 2 January 1975
aim - to promote tourism as a means of contributing to economic
development, international understanding, and peace
members - (131) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Hungary,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (5) Aruba, Flanders, Macau,
Madeira Islands, Netherlands Antilles
observer - (1) Holy See
World Trade Organization (WTrO)
note - succeeded General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)
address - Centre William Rappard, 154 Rue de Lausanne, CH-1211
Geneva 21, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 739 51 11
FAX - [41] (22) 739 54 58
established - 15 April 1994
effective - 1 January 1995
aim - to provide a means to resolve trade conflicts between members
and to carry on negotiations with the goal of further lowering and/or eliminating
tariffs and other trade barriers
members - (136) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia,
EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya,
South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe
observers - (6) Azerbaijan, Laos, Somalia, Sudan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan
applicants - (31) Albania, Algeria, Armenia, The Bahamas, Belarus,
Cambodia, Cape Verde, China, Comoros, Croatia, Equatorial Guinea, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kiribati, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Nepal,
Oman, Russia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Tonga, Tuvalu,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Taiwan; note - some of
these countries applied to GATT and are still under consideration for membership
in WTrO; the following member of GATT had not become a member of WTrO as of
1 January 1998: Yugoslavia (suspended)
Zangger Committee (ZC)
established - early 1970s
aim - to establish guidelines for the export control provisions of the
Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT)
members - (33) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine,
UK, US